Title: Science of the sea. An elementary handbook of practical oceanography for travellers, sailors, and yachtsmen
Year: 1912 (1910s)
Authors: Challenger Society Fowler, G. Herbert (George Herbert), 1861-1940
Subjects: Oceanography Ocean
Publisher: London, John Murray
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage Library
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Fig. 173.—Ophiura, a Brittle Star (Challenger). The sea spiders, or Pycnogonida, are easily recog-nized by their resemblance to the animals from which MOLLUSCS 247 they take their English name. In most species thesmall body scarcely affords room for the attachmentof eight (very rarely ten) long slender legs, but in afew cases the legs are short and stout; as, for instance,in the common Pycnogonum littorale, which, in spiteof its name, is often found in moderately deep water.Most of the Pycnogons are of small or moderate size,but in some deep-water species the legs may span alength of 2 feet.
Text Appearing After Image:
Fig. 174.—Archaster, a Star-Fish (Blake). The commoner forms of the Mollusca, at any rate ofthe shelled species, are familiar to everyone, but thereare some shell-less species, and others with peculiarshells, which call for special note. The usual type ofGastropod, as exemplified by the whelk or periwinkle,bears an asymmetrically coiled shell, but there is reasonto believe that the earliest forms of molluscs weresymmetrical. This symmetry is still found in theChitons, in which the shell is made up of eight plates, 248 ANIMALS OF THE SEA FLOOR overlapping as in an armadillo or wood-louse (Fig. 184).Allied to the Chitons is a very remarkable group ofmolluscs, in which the shell is entirely absent. Theseare for the most part wormlike in form, and are usuallyfound tightly coiled round the branches of Hydroidsand Alcyonarians. The nudibranchs, or sea-slugs, are shell-less gastro-pods, which externally appear to be symmetrical.They start life, however, in a minute coiled shell. Onesection
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