Title: Science of the sea. An elementary handbook of practical oceanography for travellers, sailors, and yachtsmen
Year: 1912 (1910s)
Authors: Challenger Society Fowler, G. Herbert (George Herbert), 1861-1940
Subjects: Oceanography Ocean
Publisher: London, John Murray
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage Library
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in their tails(Fig. 127); and the Stomatopoda have a set of larvaepeculiar to themselves (Fig. 125, 126). Of the group to which oysters, snails, and cuttle-fishbelong, the Mollusea,some subdivisions occur in Plankton. The oyster-forms, or Lamellibranchs, possessing twoshells, are occasionally represented by larvae (Fig. 134).The snail-forms, or Gastropoda, are frequently met.Janthina, a warm-water snail, sometimes thrown onour western shores, has a purple shell; to its foot isattached a raft, on the underside of which the eggs areembedded. Atlanta (Fig. 131) has a spiral shell, with anarrow keel; Carinaria, like a transparent slug, carriesa shell on its hump (Fig. 132); very like it, but withoutshell or hump, are several other warm-water forms.The pteropod, or wing-footed forms, are found in allseas ; of these the majority have shells (Figs. 133,135).Near-shore larvae of Gastropods are often plentiful;the most characteristic is the Veliger stage (Fig. 136). CRUSTACEANS—MOLLUSCS 183
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A Fig. 128.—Phyllosoma. (After Fig. 129.—SergestesLarva.*Gardiner.) (After Claus.) /^% Fig. 130.—.Lucifer. (After Claus.) The cuttle-fishes, of which the octopus and squid aretoo well-known to require a figure, are all more or lessplanktonic, although many, especially in shallow water,are bottom feeders; they sometimes attain a huge size.Some have a web between the arms, which thus forma great funnel. Any forms with an external shell(except the familiar Pearly Nautilus and Argonauta)should be carefully preserved for study by experts,such as the body of the little Spirula, the dead shellsof which are not uncommon in Eastern seas. * The right side of this figure is of the dorsal or uppersurface ; on the left side is drawn the ventral or under surfaceto show the limbs. 184 THE FLOATING ANIMALS Of the group of Echinoderms—the starfish, brittle-stars, sea-urchins, trepangs, sea-lilies—a single adultgenus only has as yet been taken in Plankton, but theirlarvae are frequently captu
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